Efrain Rivera Castillo, 1925, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, d. 12 March
1978, Manhattan, New York City, USA. Band leader, singer, composer,
multi-instrumentalist Rivera was a pioneer of the trombone front-line in
Latin music; some say he was the pioneer, whereas others maintain that
Eddie Palmieri was the originator. However, it is probably their record
producer at the time, Al Santiago (founder of Alegre Records), who
deserves the credit. Whoever it was, the all trombone sound influenced
band leaders like Willie Colón and others, and has been described as the
symbol of urban salsa. Rivera was known as ‘El Rey del Trabalengua’
(The Tongue Twister King) because ‘... his improvised quips would
delight fans with his clear enunciation of rhymes and alliterations
conjured up at bullet speed and perfectly weaved in the timing and
circumstances of the music’ (quote from Aurora Flores, 1978). Rivera was
always closely associated with the plena and bomba forms of his island
of birth. His father, Ramón Rivera Alers, wrote popular plenas. Rivera
began his professional career at the age of 16 and joined the band of
William Manzano. He was also a professional baseball player and played
with Los Indios in Mayagüez between 1943 and 1945. In the early 50s, he
relocated to the USA with the band of Héctor Pellot, which was later led
by Moncho Leña. After Leña disbanded, he organized his own band with
its famous trombone front-line. His debut on the Alegre Records label,
Que Gente Averigua, contained the delicious instrumental ‘Lluvia Con
Nieve’ (Rain With Snow), which Mon composed himself. No musician credits
were given on the sleeve, however the album’s producer, Al Santiago,
revealed that a stellar line-up had been assembled for the recording,
which included Charlie Palmieri (piano, eight tracks), Eddie Palmieri
(piano, two tracks), Kako (timbales), Barry Rogers, Mark Weinstein and
Manolin Pazo (trombones). Rivera had a big hit with the self-penned
‘Karacatis-Ki’, a plena dengue, which was the title track of his first
volume on Ansonia Records.
Rivera’s 1975 collaboration with Willie Colón, There
Goes The Neighborhood/Se Chavó El Vecindario, helped connect him with
the younger Latino audience. He arranged the hit track, the plena ‘Ya
Llego’. An impressive line-up was congregated for the session, including
Lewis Kahn and Jose Rodrigues (trombones), Papo Lucca (piano), Kako
(timbales and conga), Rubén Blades and Héctor Lavoe (chorus). ‘Mon was
not immortal and fell victim to the vices of life. But in his
realization, he struggled and became free of the ‘monkey’ that sucked at
his lifeline’, wrote Aurora Flores, in that typically oblique manner
found in accounts on Latin artists. He died, in his Manhattan residence
on 12 March 1978, from a heart attack. The posthumously released
Forever, was produced by Johnny Pacheco. In addition to singing lead
vocals and composing one track, Rivera shared arranging chores with
Colón and Ernie Agosto.
1 Es Mejor Jugar Caballos
2 Esta Bomba es Diferente
3 Conmigo No
4 Vuelvo A Vivir
5 Caldo & Pescao
6 Las Nenas del Barrio
7 Se Dice Gracias
8 Pancho Macoco
9 Punda
10 Carnaval en Margarita
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